The Top 5 CVEs in Apache Struts: Major Exposures and How HeroDevs' NES for Struts Can Help

Apache Struts has powered countless Java-based web applications over the years. However, its popularity has made it a prime target for cyberattacks, especially in versions no longer maintained. The vulnerabilities in Apache Struts have led to some of the most infamous breaches in recent history, highlighting the need for vigilance and proactive support. This article explores six of the most critical CVEs in Apache Struts, their real-world impact, and how HeroDevs' Never-Ending Support for Struts can help.

1. CVE-2017-5638: Remote Code Execution via Multipart Parser

Discovered: 2017
Severity: Critical

One of the most infamous vulnerabilities in Apache Struts, CVE-2017-5638, allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the multipart request parser. The vulnerability became globally known after it facilitated the Equifax data breach, compromising the personal data of over 147 million individuals.

Impact:

• Exploitable via crafted HTTP headers.
• Allowed attackers to gain unauthorized access and execute arbitrary code.

Real-World Consequences:
The Equifax breach became a case study in the consequences of neglecting timely security patches. The company faced fines exceeding $700 million, and its reputation suffered irreparable damage.

Lesson Learned: Immediate patching is crucial to prevent exploitation of critical vulnerabilities.

2. CVE-2018-11776: Incorrect Namespace Handling

Discovered: 2018
Severity: Critical

This vulnerability stemmed from incorrect namespace handling, allowing attackers to exploit OGNL (Object-Graph Navigation Language) expressions.

Impact:

• Affected all Struts versions before 2.3.35 and 2.5.17.
• Could result in arbitrary code execution on vulnerable systems.

Real-World Consequences:
This vulnerability was exploited within weeks of disclosure, targeting financial and healthcare institutions. Many attacks involved injecting malicious commands into unprotected servers.

Lesson Learned: Proactive monitoring and patch management can limit exposure to such attacks.

3. CVE-2016-3081: Command Execution via REST Plugin

Discovered: 2016
Severity: High

This vulnerability allowed attackers to execute commands on servers with the REST plugin enabled. It was one of the most exploited vulnerabilities in legacy Struts systems.

Impact:

• Exploitable via malicious input in RESTful API endpoints.
• Threatened thousands of applications globally.

Lesson Learned: Secure API configurations and thorough testing are critical for reducing risk.

4. CVE-2014-0094: ClassLoader Manipulation

Discovered: 2014
Severity: High

This vulnerability allowed attackers to manipulate the ClassLoader using OGNL expressions, leading to sensitive data exposure and potential remote code execution.

Impact:

• Affected Apache Struts versions 2.0.0 to 2.3.16.
• Demonstrated the dangers of insecure expression handling.

Real-World Consequences:
Organizations with legacy Struts systems faced exposure to attacks exploiting this vulnerability until mitigations were applied.

Lesson Learned: Securing the expression evaluation process is key to minimizing such risks.

5. CVE-2024-53677: File Upload Path Traversal and RCE

Discovered: 2024
Severity: Critical

This recently identified vulnerability affects the file upload mechanism, allowing attackers to exploit path traversal and execute remote code. It impacts all Apache Struts versions prior to 6.4.0.

Impact:

• Attackers can upload malicious files and execute arbitrary commands.
• Exploitable in configurations with minimal validation of file parameters.

Lesson Learned: Maintaining updated systems and leveraging active support for end-of-life software is crucial.

Why HeroDevs' NES for Struts is the Solution

Legacy frameworks like Apache Struts require ongoing support to ensure security and compliance. HeroDevs’ Never-Ending Support (NES) for Struts fills the gap left by EOL versions, offering:

• Proactive Security Updates: Regular patches for vulnerabilities like those listed above.
• Compliance Assurance: Helps meet regulatory standards, including PCI DSS, HIPAA, and FedRAMP.
• Drop-in Replacement: No disruption to your current infrastructure.
• Expert Support: 24/7 assistance from a dedicated team of Struts specialists.

With Struts NES, organizations can secure their legacy applications while maintaining operational continuity and avoiding costly migrations.

Conclusion

Apache Struts’ history of vulnerabilities highlights the importance of proactive security measures and reliable support for legacy systems. From the Equifax breach to the most recent CVE-2024-53677, the risks are clear—but so are the solutions.

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